微塑料Microplastics
人們對我們的環境（陸地，海洋和空氣）以及食物中微塑料和微纖維的存在越來越感興趣。熒光不是識別塑料類型的工具，但它可以幫助檢測樣品中的微塑料。
There is a growing interest in the presence of microplastics and microfibers in our environment – land, sea, and air, and in our food. Fluorescence is not a tool for precise identification of the type of plastic, but it can be an aid in detecting microplastics within a sample.
我們收到了美國nightsea顯微鏡熒光適配器套件（SFA Royal Blue & UV），我隻能說哇！他們看到塑料材料是多麼的不同！我當然會申請資金來購買更多資金來支持我們的教學和研究。
We’ve received our NIGHTSEA microscope adaptor kit (Royal Blue & UV) and all I can say is WOW! What a difference they make to seeing plastic materials! I’m certainly going to apply for funds to purchase more to support our teaching and research.
尼羅河紅（Nile red）作zuo為wei一yi種zhong染ran料liao越yue來lai越yue多duo地di被bei使shi用yong，它ta優you先xian與yu塑su料liao結jie合he並bing增zeng強qiang熒ying光guang，但dan即ji使shi沒mei有you特te殊shu處chu理li，熒ying光guang也ye有you助zhu於yu找zhao到dao小xiao物wu體ti。一yi旦dan發fa現xian，就jiu可ke以yi對dui顆ke粒li或huo纖xian維wei進jin行xing處chu理li，以yi便bian在zai必bi要yao時shi使shi用yong其qi他ta技ji術shu進jin行xing鑒jian定ding。熒ying光guang可ke以yi成cheng為wei更geng大da規gui模mo研yan究jiu的de一yi部bu分fen，或huo者zhe作zuo為wei公gong民min科ke學xue項xiang目mu觀guan察cha水shui道dao，海hai灘tan，土tu壤rang等deng的de一yi個ge很hen好hao的de工gong具ju。
Nile red is seeing growing use as a dye that binds preferentially to plastics and enhances fluorescence, but even without special treatment, fluorescence can help find small subjects. Once found, the particles or fibers can then be processed for identification with other techniques if necessary. Fluorescence can be a great tool as part of a larger study, or for citizen science projects to look at waterways, beaches, soils, and more.
以下是在洗衣機放電中收集的各種纖維的白光（圖一）、紫外激發熒光（圖二）和藍光激發熒光（圖三）體視顯微鏡圖像。請注意，這三個圖像顯示的區域完全相同。推薦閱讀《熒光適配器用於環境中微塑料觀察》。
圖一：微塑料在白光照射的觀察效果
圖二：微塑料紫外光（365nm）照射的觀察效果
圖三：微塑料在藍光（450nm）照射的觀察效果
上海峰誌儀器有限公司供應現貨美國nightsea、美國路陽的熒光適配器，能夠方便固定在各種體視顯微鏡上。LUYOR-3421UR體視顯微鏡熒光適配器（標配365nm和450nm），能夠滿足實驗室利用體視顯微鏡觀察各種微塑料的熒光，有關熒光適配器的介紹請瀏覽《體視顯微鏡熒光適配器LUYOR-3421》和《美國nightsea SFA-RB顯微鏡熒光適配器》。
微塑料的來源有兩種，一是添加在洗麵奶、牙膏等產品中的初生微塑料，二是塑料經過碎裂、衝刷、降jiang解jie等deng一yi係xi列lie作zuo用yong下xia形xing成cheng的de次ci生sheng微wei塑su料liao。遠yuan距ju離li遷qian移yi是shi指zhi微wei塑su料liao可ke能neng是shi通tong過guo洋yang流liu的de遠yuan距ju離li遷qian移yi進jin入ru南nan極ji環huan境jing，海hai洋yang到dao大da氣qi的de交jiao換huan以yi及ji短duan程cheng和he遠yuan程cheng大da氣qi遷qian移yi。
微塑料具有粒徑小、遷移性強、比表麵積大、易於富集微生物、重zhong金jin屬shu和he持chi久jiu性xing有you機ji汙wu染ran物wu等deng特te點dian。之zhi前qian的de研yan究jiu表biao明ming，生sheng物wu體ti暴bao露lu於yu微wei塑su料liao會hui導dao致zhi生sheng長chang受shou限xian，對dui繁fan殖zhi產chan生sheng負fu麵mian影ying響xiang和he生sheng物wu功gong能neng受shou損sun，增zeng加jia對dui生sheng態tai係xi統tong的de壓ya力li。
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